2022 EUV Lithography Short Course

  • 2022 EUV Lithography Short Course
    • October 22nd, 2022; 7 AM – 2 PM (CDT)
    • Instructors:
      • Vivek Bakshi (EUV Litho, Inc.)
      • Jinho Ahn (Hanyang University)
      • Patrick Naulleau (CXRO, LBL)
      • Sascha Migura (Carl Zeiss) – Guest Instructor
    • Registration for this course is now closed. The EUV & Soft X-Ray Short Course will be offered again in 2023

2022 October EUV Lithography Short Course

EUV Lithography Short Course
Held Online – October 22, 2022
7 AM – 2 PM (CDT)

This course provides attendees with a full overview of the fundamentals, status, and technical challenges of EUV Lithography. Topics covered include EUV Sources, EUV Source Metrology, EUV Optics, EUV systems and patterning, and EUV Mask. We will begin with an overview of the history of EUVL and cover EUV sources, EUV source metrology and EUV optics. Next is a discussion of EUVL systems and patterning. We cover the fundamental components of EUV systems and address similarities and differences to optical lithography systems. This section also covers patterning issues including flare, LER, and resist performance. We continue with an exploration of EUVL Mask technology issues such as design, materials including reflective multilayers, process and metrology. Finally, we conclude with a Status Review of EUVL.

Course Overview – Brochure

Registration Link

  • Registration for this course is now closed. The EUV Lithography Short Course will be offered again in 2023

Course Material

Students are encouraged to purchase the texts,  EUV Lithography (2nd Edition, SPIE Press, 2018) directly from SPIE.

Learning Outcomes

Course attendees will be able to increase their fundamental understanding of:

    • History and basics of the development of EUV Lithography
    • Different EUV source types and current technical challenges of EUV source technology
    • EUV source metrology and source power measurements
    • EUV multilayer optics (History, modules -collectors, illuminator, projection optics, manufacturing, AIMS)
    • EUV systems and patterning
    • Key components in EUV systems and current technical challenges
    • EUV mask technology and current technical challenges
    • Status and technical challenges of EUV Lithography for supporting high volume chip manufacturing
    • Commercial aspects of EUVL – how and when EUVL will be implemented, commercial opportunities and infrastructure landscape

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography and/or other emerging lithography techniques, needs to understand the current technology status of EUV Lithography, and is interested in learning the fundamentals of this leading NGL patterning technology. Those who are responsible for the development of the roadmap for lithography in manufacturing and making technology decisions as well as engineers and investors will find this course valuable.

Detailed Course Outline

Module 1: Introduction to EUVL

  • Introduction to Lithography
  • Moore’s Law and ITRS
  • Cost of Ownership
  • Advantages of EUVL
  • Key differences from 193 nm lithography
  • List of Technical Challenges and Status

Module 2: EUV Mask

  • EUV mask structure and process flow
  • Mask substrate
  • Multilayer mirror deposition
  • Absorber stack and Pattern fabrication
  • Mask inspection, metrology and repair
  • Mask contamination protection and Cleaning
  • Advanced mask structure for better imaging

Module 3: EUV Sources

  • EUV Source Technology Overview
  • Definition, Overview, Joint Requirements
  • Types of Source Technologies
  • Laser-produced plasma (LPP)
  • Fundamentals of LPP
  • Components of Sn LPP Source
  • EUV Power Scaling
  • Pre-pulse technology
  • EUV Collector and Debris Mitigation
  • Out-Of-Band Radiation
  • Discharge-produced plasma (DPP)
  • Fundamentals of DPP
  • Components of Sn DPP Source
  • Collector and Debris Mitigation
  • Source Metrology
  • Source Technology Status and Future Outlook

Module 4: EUV Optics

  • History of lithography optics
  • Early optical systems, prototypes and pre-production
  • Optical modules for high volume manufacturing: collector, illuminator, projection optics
  • Optics manufacturing
  • AIMS EUV: core functionality
  • Module 5: EUVL Patterning
  • Introduction
  • EUV patterning capabilities and extendibility
  • Current status of EUV resists
  • EUV resists extendibility and shot noise

Module 6: Summary

  • EUVL –The Big Picture
  • EUVL Technology Status
  • EUVL Technology –Opportunities
  • EUVL Extension
  • Announcements and Q & A

Instructor Bios

Vivek Bakshi (EUV Litho, Inc.)

Dr. Vivek Bakshi is the founder and president of EUV Litho, Inc., an organization he formed in 2007 to promote EUV Lithography via consulting, workshops and education. Previously, he was a Senior Member of the Technical Staff in SEMATECH’s Lithography Division. Dr. Bakshi has published four books on EUVL: EUV Sources for Lithography (SPIE Press, 2006), EUV Lithography (SPIE Press and John Wiley, 2008), Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (SPIE Press, 2012 (co-edited with Anthony Yen). His latest book EUV Lithography – 2nd Edition (SPIE Press, February 2018) is a best seller for SPIE press. His forthcoming book Photon Sources for Lithography and Metrology will be published by SPIE Press in 2022.

Jinho Ahn (Hanyang University)

Dr. Jinho Ahn joined Hanyang University in 1995 as a professor in the MSE department. He has been working as a national project leader for EUVL technology. He is now serving as a Director for Nano & Convergence Technology of National Research Foundation of Korea.

Patrick Naulleau (CXRO, LBL)

Dr. Patrick P. Naulleau has been involved in EUV lithography since 1997 when he joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to work in the area of actinic interferometric alignment. Since 2001 he has lead LBNL’s EUV Patterning project starting with the 0.1-NA ETS optics and now the 0.3-NA MET optic. He is internationally recognized for leading EUV patterning studies and his contributions to EUV System designs. He is the lead author of chapter on EUV Patterning in the book EUV Lithography.

Sascha Migura (Carl Zeiss) – Guest Instructor

Sascha Migura has been employed by Carl Zeiss SMT GmbH since finishing his PhD in physics in 2006 at the University of Bonn. He mainly worked on EUV lithography optics and was responsible for the optical designs of the StarlithÂź 3100 and StarlithÂź 3300. Sascha Migura was also Lead System Engineer of the pre-development of the High-NA EUV lithography optics.

2022 EUV and Soft X-ray Sources Short Course

EUV and Soft X-ray Sources Short Course
Held Online – October 23, 2022
7 AM – 2 PM (CDT)

This short course on EUV and Soft X-ray Sources will give an overview of underlying physics associated with EUVL and plasma sources. This short course will be taught by Prof. David Attwood (UC Berkeley), and Prof. Gerry O’Sullivan (UC Dublin).

Registration Link

  • Registration for this course is now closed. The EUV & Soft X-Ray Short Course will be offered again in 2023

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography and/or other emerging lithography or metrology techniques for lithography, biology or material science or any other applications that involve EUV or Soft X-ray photons. This course will help students understand the fundamentals, technology requirements, current and future trends. Those who are responsible for the development of the technology roadmaps and making technology decisions as well as students and engineers will find this course valuable.

Detailed Course Outline

Physics of EUV and Short Wavelength Sources with Focus on Atomic Physics (3+ Hours)
Instructor: Prof. Gerry O’Sullivan, School of Physics, UCD, Dublin

This module will cover basic properties of laser produced and discharge produced plasmas and plasma models.  We will review experimental factors determining plasma parameters and ion stage distributions, emission processes, line and continuum emission and UTA (unresolved transition array) emission. Topics covered also include: basic properties of H-like and He-like systems, coupling schemes and spectroscopic notation, transition probabilities and line intensities, calculations of atomic structure and spectra, complex spectra and UTAs, configuration interaction effects, opacity and radiation transport, UTA emission in sources for EUV and BEUV lithography, optimizing UTA emission, evolution of UTA emission with atomic number; implications for water-window operation, 3d-4f versus 4d-4f UTAs as water-window sources and a brief survey of short wavelength emission spectra.

  1. Basic plasma properties and processes
  2. Physics of EUV radiation processes
    1. Line and continuum spectra
    2. Transition probabilities
    3. Unresolved transition arrays (UTA)
    4. Opacity issues
    5. Scaling of emission with ion stage and atomic number
  3. Optimization of emission from 13.5 nm and BEUV lithography sources
  4. Challenges for EUV and short wavelength operation, comparison of LPP and DPP sources.
  5. Brief introduction to modeling
  6. Exploration of potential sources for Blue-X (1 – 6.x nm range)

Physics course: EUV/x-ray Interaction with Matter, sSources, Optics, and Applications (3+ Hours)
Instructor: Prof. David Attwood, University of California, Berkeley 

This short course will provide a brief outline of several aspects of the underlying physics associated with extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). Among these will be the basic mechanisms of EUV/x-ray interaction with matter, describing the interaction of short-wavelength electromagnetic radiation with electrons and atoms; electromagnetics at short wavelengths, including a simple but very useful, semi-classical formulation of refractive index, absorption, and reflection; EUV/x-ray optics and multilayer interference coatings, the enabling technology for EUV ; basic plasma physics and plasma parameters, a description of laser-plasma interactions and its importance as the power source for EUVL; spatial and temporal coherence at short wavelength; undulator radiation and the evolution to free electron lasers (FELs); and laser high harmonic generation (HHG). Applications sprinkled throughout will include nanoscale and solar scale imaging, and probing of atoms, molecules and solids on time scales extending from seconds to femtoseconds and attoseconds.

  1. Physics of EUV/x-ray Interaction with matter
  2. Electromagnetics at short wavelengths
  3. EUV/x-ray optics and multilayer interference coatings
  4. Coherence at short wavelengths
  5. Undulator radiation and the evolution to FELs
  6. Laser high harmonic generation (HHG)
  7. Hot, dense plasmas for EUV and x-ray radiation
  8. Laser produced plasmas for EUV lithography

Recommended Text Books

Instructor Bios

Gerry O’Sullivan

Gerry O’Sullivan obtained his B. Sc. in Experimental Physics in 1975 from University College Dublin where he subsequently completed his PhD in atomic spectroscopy under the supervision of Prof. Kevin Carroll in 1980. After brief periods at NIST, the University of Maryland and a longer stint at Dublin City University, he returned to UCD as a lecturer in 1986 and was Head of the School of Physics from 2002 to 2008. He is currently an Emeritus Professor attached to the UCD School of Physics. His research interests include spectroscopy of laser produced plasmas, spectroscopy of ion gas collisions and the development of laser produced plasma based light sources for applications ranging from ionic photoabsorption studies to lithography and ‘water window’ microscopy. For the source development work his group have been involved in a number of very productive collaborations with both academic and industrial research groups in Ireland, the US, the Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Poland, China and especially, Japan. For his contribution to research he was elected to Membership of the Royal Irish Academy in 2004. In 2018 he was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contribution to EUV source development by EUV Litho Inc.

David Attwood

David Attwood is Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the Nano-X group at Stanford’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. He received his PhD in Applied Physics from New York University in 1972. After his PhD, he joined Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to work on laser fusion. He was the first scientific director of the Advanced Light Source (1985-1988) and the founding director of the Center for X-Ray Optics at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, He co-founded the Applied Science and Technology (AS&T) PhD program at UC Berkeley. His interests involve x-ray optics, the generation of coherent radiation at EUV and x-ray wavelengths, and applications to nanoscale imaging. He is co-author with Anne Sakdinawat of the text “X-rays and Extreme Ultraviolet radiation” (www.cambridge.org/xrayeuv).

June 2022 EUV Lithography Short Course

Offered June 5, 2022 – Registration Now Open! Click here to navigate to the registration page.

Downloadable Brochure

This course provides attendees with a full overview of the fundamentals, status, and technical challenges of EUV Lithography. Topics covered include EUV Sources, EUV Source Metrology, EUV Optics, EUV Systems and Patterning, and EUV Mask. We will begin with an overview of the history of EUVL and cover EUV sources, EUV source metrology and EUV optics, followed by a discussion of EUVL systems and patterning. We will cover the fundamental components of EUV systems and address similarities and differences in optical lithography systems. This section also covers patterning issues, including flare, LER, and resist performance. We will continue with an exploration of EUVL Mask technology issues such as design, materials (including reflective multilayers), process and metrology. Finally, we’ll conclude with a Status Review of EUVL.

Course Material:

Students are encouraged to purchase the text, EUV Lithography (2nd Edition, SPIE Press, 2018), directly from SPIE. After the short course concludes, a printed copy of the lecture notes can be provided at the cost of printing and shipping. If you are interested in getting a copy, please email us at info@euvlitho.com.

Learning Outcomes

Course attendees will be able to increase their fundamental understanding of:

  • History and basics of the development of EUV Lithography
  • Different EUV source types and current technical challenges of EUV source technology
  • EUV source metrology and source power measurements
  • EUV multilayer optics (History, modules -collectors, illuminator, projection optics, manufacturing,
    AIMS)
  • EUV and High-NA EUV scanners
  • EUV systems and patterning
  • Key components in EUV systems and current technical challenges
  • EUV mask technology and current technical challenges
  • Status and technical challenges of EUV Lithography for supporting high volume chip
    manufacturing
  • Commercial aspects of EUVL – how and when EUVL will be implemented, commercial
    opportunities, and the infrastructure landscape

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography and/or other emerging lithography techniques; needs to understand the current technology status of EUV Lithography; and is interested in learning the fundamentals of this leading NGL patterning technology. Those who are responsible for the development of the roadmap for lithography in manufacturing and making technology decisions, as well as engineers and investors, will find this course valuable.

Detailed Course Outline (One Day Course) 

Module 1: Introduction to EUVL (Vivek Bakshi, EUV Litho, Inc.)

  • Introduction to Lithography
  • Moore’s Law and ITRS
  • Cost of Ownership 
  • Advantages of EUVL 
  • Key differences from 193 nm lithography
  • List of Technical Challenges and Status

Module 2: EUV Mask (Jinho Ahn, Hanyang University)

  • EUV mask structure and process flow
  • Mask substrate
  • Multilayer mirror deposition
  • Absorber stack and Pattern fabrication
  • Mask inspection, metrology and repair
  • Mask contamination protection and Cleaning
  • Advanced mask structure for better imaging

Module 3: EUV Sources (Vivek Bakshi, EUV Litho, Inc.)

  • EUV Source Technology Overview
  • Definition, Overview, Joint Requirements 
  • Types of Source Technologies
    • Laser-produced plasma (LPP)
    • Fundamentals of LPP
    • Components of Sn LPP Source
    • EUV Power Scaling
    • Pre-pulse technology
    • EUV Collector and Debris Mitigation 
    • Out-Of-Band Radiation
    • Discharge-produced plasma (DPP)
      • Fundamentals of DPP
      • Components of Sn DPP Source
      • Collector and Debris Mitigation
  • Source Metrology
  • Source Technology Status and Future Outlook

Module 4: EUV Optics (Patrick Naulleau, CXRO, LBL)

  • History of lithography optics
  • Early optical systems, prototypes and pre-production
  • Optical modules for high volume manufacturing: collector, illuminator, projection optics
  • Optics manufacturing
  • AIMS EUV: core functionality

Module 5: EUVL Patterning (Patrick Naulleau, CXRO, LBL)

  • Introduction
  • EUV patterning capabilities and extendibility
  • Current status of EUV resists

EUV resists extendibility and shot noise

Module 6: EUVL  and High NA EUVL Scanner (Jan B.P. van Schoot, PhD (ASML))

  • Architecture of the current EUV and next generation high-NA EUV scanners
  • Comparison of EUV exposure tools with DUV/DUV-immersion tools
  • Reason for the high-NA anamorphic concept
  • Current status and future roadmap

 

 

Instructors for One-Day Short Course

  • Vivek Bakshi (EUV Litho, Inc.)

Dr. Vivek Bakshi is the founder and president of EUV Litho, Inc., an organization he formed in 2007 to promote EUV Lithography via consulting, workshops and education. Previously, he was a Senior Member of the Technical Staff in SEMATECH’s Lithography Division. Dr. Bakshi has published four books on EUVL: EUV Sources for Lithography (SPIE Press, 2006), EUV Lithography (SPIE Press and John Wiley & Sons, 2008), Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (SPIE Press, 2012 (co-edited with Anthony Yen). His latest book EUV Lithography – 2nd Edition (SPIE Press, February 2018) is a best seller for SPIE press. He is an internationally recognized expert on EUV Source Technology and EUV Lithography. He is the lead instructor for the course and the author of the EUV Source Technology chapter in the book EUV Lithography. His forthcoming book Photon Sources for Lithography and Metrology will be published by SPIEPress in 2022.

  • Jinho Ahn (Hanyang University)

Dr. Jinho Ahn joined Hanyang University in 1995 as a professor in the MSE department. He has been working as a national project leader for EUVL technology. He is now serving as a Director for Nano & Convergence Technology of National Research Foundation of Korea.

  • Patrick Naulleau (CXRO, LBL)

Dr. Patrick P. Naulleau has been involved in EUV lithography since 1997 when he joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to work in the area of actinic interferometric alignment. Since 2001 he has lead LBNL’s EUV Patterning project starting with the 0.1-NA ETS optics and now the 0.3-NA MET optic. He is internationally recognized for leading EUV patterning studies and his contributions to EUV System designs. He is the lead author of the chapter on EUV Patterning in the book EUV Lithography.

  • Jan B.P. van Schoot, PhD (ASML)

Jan B.P. van Schoot, PhD, is Director of System Engineering and Technical Specialist at ASML, based in Veldhoven, The Netherlands.

After his study Electrical Engineering (Cum Laude) at Twente University of Technology. He received his PhD in Physics on the subject of non-linear optical waveguide devices in 1994 and held a post-doc position studying waveguide based electro-optical modulators.

He joined ASML in 1996 and was Project Leader for the Application of the first 5500/500 scanner and its successors up to 5500/750. In 2001 he became Product Development Manager of Imaging Products (DoseMapper, Customized Illumination). In 2007 he joined the dept of System Engineering. He was responsible for the Optical Columns of the 0.25NA and 0.33NA EUV systems. After this he worked on the design of the EUV source. He was the study leader of the High-NA EUV system and is now responsible for the High-NA optical train.

He is a Sr. Member of the SPIE, holds over 35 patents and presents frequently at conferences about photolithography.

2022 June Short Course Advanced Photon Sources and Applications in Nanoscale Imaging

Offered June 4, 2022 – Click here to navigate to the registration page!

Downloadable Brochure

In these lectures we will discuss EUV and x-ray sources, optics, and applications. In the source section we will describe the physics of undulator radiation, the extension to EUV and x-ray free electron lasers (FELs), and the physics of laser high harmonic generation (HHG). Regarding optics at these short wavelengths, we will describe important aspects of reflective optics, the very poor reflectivity at normal incidence, high reflectivity at glancing incidence, the critical angle, KB and Wölter optics. We will also describe EUV and x-ray multilayer coatings, and diffractive optics such as zone plates, gratings, and pinholes. Applications to materials science, the life sciences, cultural heritage, solar and astrophysics, CT scans on spatial scales of 10s nm to microns, EUV lithography, semiconductor diagnostics, and chemical dynamical studies at femtosecond and attosecond temporal resolution will be included in this short course.

Learning Outcomes

Course attendees will be able to increase their fundamental understanding of following topics:

  • Undulator Radiation
  • EUV and X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FELs)
  • Laser High Harmonic Generation (HHG)
  • Femtosecond/attosecond pulses and coherence
  • Fundamentals of soft x-ray diagnostics
  • EUV/x-ray optics
  • Nanoscale imaging

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography, other emerging lithography techniques and Nanoimaging Technologies for applications in and beyond semiconductor areas. Those who are responsible for the development of the roadmaps and making technology decisions, as well as engineers and investors, will find this course valuable.

Instructors for One-Day Short Course

David Attwood is Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the Nano-X group at Stanford’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. He received his PhD in Applied Physics from New York University in 1972. After his PhD, he joined Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to work on laser fusion. He was the first scientific director of the Advanced Light Source (1985-1988) and the founding director of the Center for X-Ray Optics at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, He co-founded the Applied Science and Technology (AS&T) PhD program at UC Berkeley. His interests involve x-ray optics, the generation of coherent radiation at EUV and x-ray wavelengths, and applications to nanoscale imaging. He is co-author with Anne Sakdinawat of the text “X-rays and Extreme Ultraviolet radiation” (www.cambridge.org/xrayeuv).

 

 

EUV Lithography

Online Short Course via Zoom

Offered June 6, 2021

Downloadable Brochure

This course provides attendees with a full overview of the fundamentals, status, and technical challenges of EUV Lithography. Topics covered include EUV Sources, EUV Source Metrology, EUV Optics, EUV Systems and Patterning, and EUV Mask. We will begin with an overview of the history of EUVL and cover EUV sources, EUV source metrology and EUV optics, followed by a discussion of EUVL systems and patterning. We will cover the fundamental components of EUV systems and address similarities and differences in optical lithography systems. This section also covers patterning issues, including flare, LER, and resist performance. We will continue with an exploration of EUVL Mask technology issues such as design, materials (including reflective multilayers), process and metrology. Finally, we’ll conclude with a Status Review of EUVL.

Registration Link

Register Here.

Course Material

Students are encouraged to purchase the text, EUV Lithography (2nd Edition, SPIE Press, 2018), directly from SPIE. A printed copy of the lecture notes can be provided at the cost of printing and shipping, after the short course. If you are interested in getting a copy, please email us at info@euvlitho.com.

Learning Outcomes

Course attendees will be able to increase their fundamental understanding of

  • History and basics of the development of EUV Lithography
  • Different EUV source types and current technical challenges of EUV source technology
  • EUV source metrology and source power measurements
  • EUV multilayer optics (History, modules -collectors, illuminator, projection optics,
    manufacturing, AIMS)
  • EUV systems and patterning
  • Key components in EUV systems and current technical challenges
  • EUV mask technology and current technical challenges
  • Status and technical challenges of EUV Lithography for supporting high volume chip manufacturing
  • Commercial aspects of EUVL – how and when EUVL will be implemented, commercial opportunities, and the infrastructure landscape

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography and/or other emerging lithography techniques; needs to understand the current technology status of EUV Lithography; and is interested in learning the fundamentals of this leading NGL patterning technology. Those who are responsible for the development of the roadmap for lithography in manufacturing and making technology decisions, as well as engineers and investors, will find this course valuable.

Detailed Course Outline

Module 1: Introduction to EUVL

  • Introduction to Lithography
  • Moore’s Law and ITRS
  • Cost of Ownership
  • Advantages of EUVL
  • Key differences from 193 nm lithography
  • List of Technical Challenges and Status

Module 2: EUV Mask

  • EUV mask structure and process flow
  • Mask substrate
  • Multilayer mirror deposition
  • Absorber stack and pattern fabrication
  • Mask inspection, metrology and repair
  • Mask contamination protection and cleaning
  • Advanced mask structure for better imaging

Module 3: EUV Sources

  • EUV Source Technology Overview
  • Definition, Overview, Joint Requirements
    • Types of Source Technologies
    • Laser-produced plasma (LPP)
    • Fundamentals of LPP
    • Components of Sn LPP Source
    • EUV Power Scaling
    • Pre-pulse technology
    • EUV Collector and Debris Mitigation
    • Out-Of-Band Radiation
    • Discharge-produced plasma (DPP)
  • Fundamentals of DPP
  • Components of Sn DPP Source
  • Collector and Debris Mitigation
  • Source Metrology
  • Source Technology Status and Future Outlook

Module 4: EUV Optics

  • History of lithography optics
  • Early optical systems, prototypes and preproduction
  • Optical modules for high volume manufacturing: collector, illuminator, projection optics
  • Optics manufacturing
  • AIMS EUV: core functionality

Module 5: EUVL Patterning

  • Introduction
  • EUV patterning capabilities and extendibility
  • Current status of EUV resists
  • EUV resists extendibility and shot noise

Module 6: Summary

  • EUVL –The Big Picture
  • EUVL Technology Status
  • EUVL Technology –Opportunities
  • EUVL Extension
  • Announcements and Q & A

Instructors for One-Day Short Course

Vivek Bakshi (EUV Litho, Inc.)
Dr. Vivek Bakshi is the president of EUV Litho, Inc. an organization he has formed to promote EUV Lithography via consulting, publications, education and workshops. Previously he was a Senior Member of Technical staff in the Lithography Division of SEMATECH. He has edited two books on EUV Lithography: EUV Sources for Lithography (SPIE Press, 2006) and EUV Lithography (SPIE Press and John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008). He is an internationally recognized expert on EUV Source Technology and EUV Lithography. He is the lead instructor for the course and the author of the EUV Source Technology chapter in the book EUV Lithography.

 

Jinho Ahn (Hanyang University)
Dr. Jinho Ahn joined Hanyang University in 1995 as a professor in the MSE department. He has been working as a national project leader for EUVL technology. He is now serving as a Director for Nano & Convergence Technology of National Research Foundation of Korea.

 

 

Patrick Naulleau (CXRO, LBL)
Dr. Patrick P. Naulleau has been involved in EUV lithography since 1997 when he joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to work in the area of actinic interferometric alignment. Since 2001 he has lead LBNL’s EUV Patterning project starting with the 0.1-NA ETS optics and now the 0.3-NA MET optic. He is internationally recognized for leading EUV patterning studies and his contributions to EUV System designs. He is the lead author of chapter on EUV Patterning in the book EUV Lithography

Advanced Photon Sources and Applications in Nanoscale Imaging

Online Short Course via Zoom

Offered June 5, 2021

Downloadable Brochure

In these lectures we will discuss EUV and x-ray sources, optics, and applications. In the source section we will describe the physics of undulator radiation, the extension to EUV and x-ray free electron lasers (FELs), and the physics of laser high harmonic generation (HHG). Regarding optics at these short wavelengths, we will describe important aspects of reflective optics, the very poor reflectivity at normal incidence, high reflectivity at glancing incidence, the critical angle, KB and Wölter optics. We will also describe EUV and x-ray multilayer coatings, and diffractive optics such as zone plates, gratings, and pinholes. Applications to materials science, the life sciences, cultural heritage, solar and astrophysics, CT scans on spatial scales of 10s nm to microns, EUV lithography, semiconductor diagnostics, and chemical dynamical studies at femtosecond and attosecond temporal resolution. 

Learning Outcomes

Course attendees will be able to increase their fundamental understanding of following topics:

  • Undulator Radiation
  • EUV and X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FELs)
  • Laser High Harmonic Generation (HHG)
  • Femtosecond/attosecond pulses and coherence
  • Fundamentals of soft x-ray diagnostics
  • EUV/x-ray optics
  • Nanoscale imaging

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography, other emerging lithography techniques and Nanoimaging Technologies for applications in and beyond semiconductor areas. Those who are responsible for the development of the roadmaps and making technology decisions, as well as engineers and investors, will find this course valuable.

Instructors for One-Day Short Course

Instructor’s Bio

David Attwood is Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the Nano-X group at Stanford’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. He received his PhD in Applied Physics from New York University in 1972. After his PhD, he joined Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to work on laser fusion. He was the first scientific director of the Advanced Light Source (1985-1988) and the founding director of the Center for X-Ray Optics at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, He co-founded the Applied Science and Technology (AS&T) PhD program at UC Berkeley. His interests involve x-ray optics, the generation of coherent radiation at EUV and x-ray wavelengths, and applications to nanoscale imaging. He is co-author with Anne Sakdinawat of the text “X-rays and Extreme Ultraviolet radiation” (www.cambridge.org/xrayeuv).

 

 

EUV and Soft X-Ray Sources

Online EUV and Soft X-ray Sources Short Course via Zoom

Offered October 24, 2021

Downloadable Brochure

Course Overview

This short course on EUV and Soft X-ray Sources will give an overview of underlying physics associated with EUVL and plasma sources. Instructors for the short course are Prof. David Attwood (UC Berkeley), and Prof. Gerry O’Sullivan (UCD).

Registration Link:

2021 EUV Soft X-ray Sources Short Course Registration

Intended Audience:

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography and/or other emerging lithography or metrology techniques for lithography, biology or material science or any other applications that involve EUV or Soft X-ray photons. This course will help students understand the fundamentals, technology requirements, current and future trends. Those who are responsible for the development of the technology roadmaps and making technology decisions as well as students and engineers will find this course valuable.

Detailed Course Outline

1. Physics of EUV and Short Wavelength Sources with Focus on Atomic Physics (Prof. Gerry O’Sullivan, School of Physics, UCD, Dublin) (3+ Hours)

This module will cover basic properties of laser produced and discharge produced plasmas and plasma models.  We will review experimental factors determining plasma parameters and ion stage distributions, emission processes, line and continuum emission and UTA (unresolved transition array) emission. Topics covered also include: basic properties of H-like and He-like systems, coupling schemes and spectroscopic notation, transition probabilities and line intensities, calculations of atomic structure and spectra, complex spectra and UTAs, configuration interaction effects, opacity and radiation transport, UTA emission in sources for EUV and BEUV lithography, optimizing UTA emission, evolution of UTA emission with atomic number; implications for water-window operation, 3d-4f versus 4d-4f UTAs as water-window sources and a survey of short wavelength emission spectra.

Module will cover:

  1. Basic plasma properties and processes
  2. Physics of EUV radiation processes
    • Line and continuum spectra
    • Transition probabilities
    • Unresolved transition arrays (UTA)
    • Opacity issues
    • Scaling of emission with ion stage and atomic number
    • Optimization of emission from 13.5 nm and BEUV lithography sources
    • Challenges for EUV and short wavelength operation, comparison of LPP and DPP sources.
    • Brief introduction to modeling
    • Exploration of potential sources for Blue-X (1 – 6.x nm range)

2. Physics course: EUV/x-ray interaction with matter, sources, optics, and applications Prof. David Attwood, University of California, Berkeley (3+ Hours)

This short course will provide a brief outline of several aspects of the underlying physics associated with extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL). Among these will be the basic mechanisms of EUV/x-ray interaction with matter, describing the interaction of short-wavelength electromagnetic radiation with electrons and atoms; electromagnetics at short wavelengths, including a simple but very useful, semi-classical formulation of refractive index, absorption, and reflection; EUV/x-ray optics and multilayer interference coatings, the enabling technology for EUV ; basic plasma physics and plasma parameters, a description of laser-plasma interactions and its importance as the power source for EUVL; spatial and temporal coherence at short wavelength; undulator radiation and the evolution to free electron lasers (FELs); and laser high harmonic generation (HHG). Applications sprinkled throughout will include nanoscale and solar scale imaging, and probing of atoms, molecules and solids on time scales extending from seconds to femtoseconds and attoseconds.

This module will provide an overview of EUV Physics in the following areas:

  1. Physics of EUV/x-ray Interaction with matter 
  2. Electromagnetics at short wavelengths
  3. EUV/x-ray optics and multilayer interference coatings
  4. Hot, dense plasmas for EUV and x-ray radiation
  5. Laser produced plasmas for EUV lithography
  6. Coherence at short wavelengths
  7. Undulator radiation and the evolution to FELs
  8. Laser high harmonic generation (HHG)

Recommended Text Books

Instructor’s Bio

David Attwood

David Attwood is Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley, and a member of the Nano-X group at Stanford’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. He received his PhD in Applied Physics from New York University in 1972. After his PhD, he joined Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to work on laser fusion. He was the first scientific director of the Advanced Light Source (1985-1988) and the founding director of the Center for X-Ray Optics at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, He co-founded the Applied Science and Technology (AS&T) PhD program at UC Berkeley. His interests involve x-ray optics, the generation of coherent radiation at EUV and x-ray wavelengths, and applications to nanoscale imaging. He is co-author with Anne Sakdinawat of the text “X-rays and Extreme Ultraviolet radiation” (www.cambridge.org/xrayeuv). 

Gerry O’Sullivan

Gerry O’Sullivan obtained his B. Sc. in Experimental Physics in 1975 from University College Dublin where he subsequently completed his PhD in atomic spectroscopy under the supervision of Prof. Kevin Carroll in 1980.  After brief periods at NIST, the University of Maryland and a longer stint at Dublin City University, he returned to UCD as a lecturer in 1986 and was Head of the School of Physics from 2002 to 2008. He is currently a Professor and director of the Atomic and Laser Physics Research (Spectroscopy) Group. His research interests include spectroscopy of laser produced plasmas, spectroscopy of ion gas collisions and the development of laser produced plasma based light sources for applications ranging from ionic photon absorption studies to lithography and ‘water window’ microscopy. For the source development work his group have been involved in a number of very productive collaborations with both academic and industrial research groups in Ireland, the US, the Czech Republic, Germany, Italy, Poland, China and especially, Japan. For his contribution to research he was elected to Membership of the Royal Irish Academy in 2004. In 2018 he was presented with a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contribution to EUV source development by EUV Litho Inc.

 

EUV Lithography Short Course Oct 23, 2021

Online Short Course via Zoom

Offered October 23, 2021

Downloadable Brochure

This course provides attendees with a full overview of the fundamentals, status, and technical challenges of EUV Lithography. Topics covered include EUV Sources, EUV Source Metrology, EUV Optics, EUV systems and patterning, and EUV Mask. We will begin with an overview of the history of EUVL and cover EUV sources, EUV source metrology and EUV optics. Next is a discussion of EUVL systems and patterning. We cover the fundamental components of EUV systems and address similarities and differences to optical lithography systems. This section also covers patterning issues including flare, LER, and resist performance. We continue with an exploration of EUVL Mask technology issues such as design, materials including reflective multilayers, process and metrology. Finally, we conclude with a Status Review of EUVL.

Registration Link:

EUV Lithography Short Course (October 23rd, 2021) Registration

Course Material:

Students are encouraged to purchase the texts,  EUV Lithography (2nd Edition, SPIE Press, 2018) directly from SPIE. Printed copy of the lecture notes can be provided at the cost of printing and shipping, after the short course. If you are interested in getting a copy, please write to us at info@euvlitho.com.

Learning Outcomes
Course attendees will be able to increase their fundamental understanding of:

  • History and basics of the development of EUV Lithography
  • Different EUV source types and current technical challenges of EUV source technology
  • EUV source metrology and source power measurements
  • EUV multilayer optics (History, modules -collectors, illuminator, projection optics, manufacturing, AIMS)
  • EUV systems and patterning
  • Key components in EUV systems and current technical challenges
  • EUV mask technology and current technical challenges
  • Status and technical challenges of EUV Lithography for supporting high volume chip manufacturing
  • Commercial aspects of EUVL – how and when EUVL will be implemented, commercial opportunities and infrastructure landscape

Intended Audience

This short course is intended for anyone who is involved in the development of EUV Lithography and/or other emerging lithography techniques, needs to understand the current technology status of EUV Lithography, and is interested in learning the fundamentals of this leading NGL patterning technology. Those who are responsible for the development of the roadmap for lithography in manufacturing and making technology decisions as well as engineers and investors will find this course valuable.

Detailed Course Outline (One Day Course) 

Module 1: Introduction to EUVL 

  • Introduction to Lithography
  • Moore’s Law and ITRS
  • Cost of Ownership 
  • Advantages of EUVL 
  • Key differences from 193 nm lithography
  • List of Technical Challenges and Status

Module 2: EUV Mask

  • EUV mask structure and process flow
  • Mask substrate
  • Multilayer mirror deposition
  • Absorber stack and Pattern fabrication
  • Mask inspection, metrology and repair
  • Mask contamination protection and Cleaning
  • Advanced mask structure for better imaging

Module 3: EUV Sources

  • EUV Source Technology Overview
  • Definition, Overview, Joint Requirements 
  • Types of Source Technologies
    • Laser-produced plasma (LPP)
    • Fundamentals of LPP
    • Components of Sn LPP Source
    • EUV Power Scaling
    • Pre-pulse technology
    • EUV Collector and Debris Mitigation 
    • Out-Of-Band Radiation
    • Discharge-produced plasma (DPP)
      • Fundamentals of DPP
      • Components of Sn DPP Source
      • Collector and Debris Mitigation
  • Source Metrology
  • Source Technology Status and Future Outlook

Module 4: EUV Optics

  • History of lithography optics
  • Early optical systems, prototypes and pre-production
  • Optical modules for high volume manufacturing: collector, illuminator, projection optics
  • Optics manufacturing
  • AIMS EUV: core functionality

Module 5: EUVL Patterning

  • Introduction
  • EUV patterning capabilities and extendibility
  • Current status of EUV resists
  • EUV resists extendibility and shot noise

Module 6: Summary

  • EUVL –The Big Picture 
  • EUVL Technology Status
  • EUVL Technology –Opportunities
  • EUVL Extension 
  • Announcements and Q & A 

Instructors for One-Day Short Course

  • Vivek Bakshi (EUV Litho, Inc.)

Dr. Vivek Bakshi is the founder and president of EUV Litho, Inc., an organization he formed in 2007 to promote EUV Lithography via consulting, workshops and education. Previously, he was a Senior Member of the Technical Staff in SEMATECH’s Lithography Division. Dr. Bakshi has published four books on EUVL: EUVSources forLithography(SPIE Press, 2006), EUV Lithography (SPIE Press and John Wiley, 2008), Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (SPIE Press, 2012 (co-edited with Anthony Yen). His latest book EUV Lithography – 2nd Edition (SPIE Press, February 2018) is a best seller for SPIE press. His forthcoming book Photon Sources for Lithography and Metrology
will be published by SPIEPress in 2022.

  • Jinho Ahn (Hanyang University)

Dr. Jinho Ahn joined Hanyang University in 1995 as a professor in the MSE department. He has been working as a national project leader for EUVL technology. He is now serving as a Director for Nano & Convergence Technology of National Research Foundation of Korea.

 

  • Patrick Naulleau (CXRO, LBL)

Dr. Patrick P. Naulleau has been involved in EUV lithography since 1997 when he joined Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) to work in the area of actinic interferometric alignment. Since 2001 he has lead LBNL’s EUV Patterning project starting with the 0.1-NA ETS optics and now the 0.3-NA MET optic. He isinternationally recognized for leading EUV patterning studies and his contributions to EUV System designs. He is the lead author of chapter on EUV Patterning in the book EUV Lithography.

  • Sascha Migura (Carl Zeiss) – Guest Instructor

Sascha Migura has been employed by Carl Zeiss SMT GmbH since finishing his PhD in physics in 2006 at the University of Bonn. He mainly worked on EUV lithography optics and was responsible for the optical designs of the StarlithÂź 3100 and StarlithÂź 3300. Sascha Migura was also Lead System Engineer of the pre-development of the High-NA EUV lithography optics.